Flying-machine.



11.3. OSTER & J.'K"SSELS.-

FLYING MACHINE;

APPLICATION FILED. JAN. 7, 1914.

1,119,632, 7 I Patented Dec.1,'1914.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

WM 0145 H. TEB 14 HJKEssELs H. J. OSTBR & KBs's-ELs.

FLYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 7, 1914 1,1 19,632, Patented De0.1,1914

a SHEETS-SHEBT 2.

lnwwtozg 51.105 TEH HJKESSELS H. J. OSTER & H. J. KESSE'LS. FLYING MACHINE.

APPLIGATIONPILED JAN. 7, 1914. 1,119,632 I Patented Dec. 1,1914.

a SHBETSSHEET a.

7 I 'HJOsTER UNITED snrwnn,

vHENRY L OSTEIl, AND HENRY J. KESSELS, 0F ETHAN, SOUTH DAKOTA FLYING-nannies.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Eco. 11, 191.

' Application filed. January 7, 1914. Serial No. sleaze.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, HENRY J. Os'rEs and ,HENRY J. Knssnns, citizens of the United States, residin at Ethan, in the county of Davison and tate of South Dakota, have invented certain new and useful Improve ments in Flying-Machines, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawin s.

This invention relates to ying machines and more particularly to an aeroplane of the biplane typos, the invention having for its primary 0 jcct to provide improved means for stabilizing or maintaining the equilibrium of the machine in its flight.

The invention has for another of its objects to provide means whereby the machine may be readily steered or guided.

A further object of the invention resides in the provision of the depending spring held wings mounted. upon the lower plane which effectually obviate all liability of the machine overturning when heavy wind gusts are encountered.

Our invention has for still another object to generally improve and simplify'the construction of heavier-than air machines of the above type so as to render the sarue simple and durable in construction, and co.- pable of manufacture at comparatively small cost. I

With the above and other objects in view as will become apparent as the description proceeds, the invention consists in certain constructions, combinations and arrangements of the parts that we shall hereinafter fully describe and claim.

For a full understanding ofjthe inven tion, reference is to be had tothe following description and accompanying drawings, in whicht 1. 7

Figure 1 is a'perspective view'of anaeroplane embodying the present invention in its preferred form; Fig. 2 is a central longitudinal section thereof; Fig; 3 is a horizontal section taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a similar section" taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 2; Fig. 5 is a detailyep tical section showing'the mounting ofthe auxiliary stabilizing. wings; Fig. G-is a detail perspective view of a, portion of the ma,- chine. 1

Referring in detail to the drawings, 5 and fidesignate the upper and lower planes respectivelywhich are each of cruciform shape in plan. 7 designates the laterally extendmg arms of each plane arranged at the forward end of the central longitudinally extending body, and 8 indicates the elongated tapering tail portion of each plane. These planes are suitably connected and braced at their edges bymeans of the truss wires 9.

Adjacent the ends of the laterally extending arms of the lower plane 6 and beneath the same theair reservoirs or cylinders 10 are suitably mounted. Similar longitudinally extending reservoirs 11 are also arranged oeneath the tail portion 8 of the lower plane. These cylinders are preferably constructed of alum1num and are adapted to be supplied with air whereby the buoyancy-of the machine is materially increased.

Upon the extreme ends of the arms of the lower plane, the depending}. blades or Wings 12 are hingedly mounted ong' one'of their longitudinal edges, the other edges of these blades beingvfianges as at 13. Coil springs 14 are connected to said blades and to the lower plane 6 and normally act to prevent outward movement of the blades from the ends of the plane. These blades are pro vided for the purpose of counteracting the tendency of heavy wind gusts striking be 'neath the lower plane to over-turn the maends of the arms 7 and thetail portions 8 of the lanes.- Thesewebs are normally held in their collapsed or folded condition by means of the springs 21. The use of these wings is only resorted to when it is necessary to provide additional air contact surface in. 6 order-to sustairl the machine in the air.

Spaced blades 22 are mounted upon a suitable supportin, frame 23 extending forwardly from i118 lower plane 6 of the machineand are adapted to be tilted from their axis by means-of a suitable lever 24 connected therewithbya rod 25: These blades are provided for the purpose of causing the machine to, ascend or descend to a desired elevation. 4 It will be understood-that when it is desired to ascend, the forward ends of said blades are tilted upwardly and upon dispos ing the blades at a downward inclination, the machine will descend.

An ermine 26 of any suitable construction is arranged between the upper and lower planes 5 and 6 and the shaft thereof is connected by a drive chain 27 too sprocket wheel 28 on a. transversely disposed shaft 29. The ends. of this shaft are provided with beveled gears 30 for meshing engage ment with similar gears 31 upon the'ends of the propeller shaft 32. On the forward ends of these latter shafts, suitable proellers 33 are secured. A central longitudi- 39 nally' disposed shaft 34 is also mounted upon the forward end of the machine and is provided with a relatively large propeller 35. A beveled gear 36 on the shaft 29 meshes with a similar gearBT on the shaft 84: and drives said propeller.

In order to extend the webs or wings 19 to their effective lpositions, we provide a drum 39 loosely mounted upon the shaft 29 upon which a wire "cable 40 is adapted to be f wound, said cable extending around suitable guide sheaves and; aving one of its ends connected to the web A clutch sleeve 41 is fixed upon the shaft 29 and the drum 39 is provided upon one end with clutch teeth. This drum is adapiged to be shifted into locked engagement with the clutch sleeve by means of a lever 42 fulcrumed upon the lower plane of the machine and connected by the wire 43 with the operators lever 44. fine and of the drum 39 is also provided. with a ratchet 45 to be engaged by a dog 46 mounted upon the lever 42, said dog holding the drum against rotation with respect to the shaft 29. The lever 42 is yieldingly .held' against movement by means of the spring 47, said spring acting to normally hold the winding drum 39 out of engagement with the clutch sleeve 41. The dogfld may be readily lifted from engagement with 69 the teeth of the ratchet 45 by means of the lever 48 which is connected to said dog by the wire 9L9 whereby the springs 21 by contractile force may ac'tto return webs 19. to their folded or colla sed condition. d edarranged between sir-nieces jacent opposite ends of the lower plane d,

the ground Wheels 38 are. mounted upon the till under side thereof to support the'machine for movement over the ground in starting its flight.

From the foregoing, it is thought that the construction and arrangement of thesew oral parts of our improved aeroplane will be clearly and fully understood. By the provision of planes of the particular form. illustrated in the "accompanying drawings, and the additional sustaining webs 19, the machine will be properly sustained at any elevation in very light air currents. he use of the depending wings or blades 12 effectually prevent disaster by over-turning of the machine and materially increase the element of safety. The machine as a whole is very simple in its-construction, light in weight and capable of navigating the air under unfavorable conditions.

It will be understood that while we' have.

above described the preferred construction and arrangement of the several elements of our invention, the machine is nevertheless susceptible of considerable modification therein and we therefore reserve the right;

such legitimate changes as may be fairly embodied within the spirit and scope of the invention, as claimed.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed is: V

1. In an aeroplane, lspacedparallel planes each of cruciform shape in plan, propel-ling means mounted between said planes, collapsible webs arranged upon opposite sides to resort to all of the planes, steering'means, and ascending and descending blades adjusta'bly mmin upon the forward. endof the machine.

2. In an aeroplane, upper and, lower spaced planes each having forward later ally extending arms and 'rearwardly ex tending tail portions, propelling means mounted between the planes. means for steering the machine, and spring held wings depending from the ends of the arms of the lower plane.

3. In an "eroplane', .jupper and lower planes each having forward laterally errtending arms and a central rcarwardly extending tail portion fcollapsible webs ar" ranged between the arlms andthe tail portion of the machine, springs normally holding the webs in collapsed condition, propelling means for the machine, means'for steering the machine in its flight, and wings depending from the ends of the arms of the lower plane.

4. In an aeroplane, upper and lower planes each having forward laterallyoo tending arms, and arearwardly extending tail-portion air reservoirs upon the under side of'the lower plane, propelling means the planes,-n1eans for di 'Iectin the fli ht of the machine, wings our si natures in the resenne of two wit- E} g g P hinge y mounted upon the ends of the nesses.

arms of the lower plane and depending HENRY J. OSTER.

therefrom, anti springs yieldingly holding HENRY J. KESSELS. 5 said wings against movement with respect Witnesses:

to the plane inone direction. T. J. WELCH,

In mat imony whereof We hereunto afiix A. J Knlm 

